Brachial Plexus Injury
The goal of brachial plexus surgery is to restore form and function to those patients affected by this injury.
Reconstructive procedures may involve the nerves, bones, tendons, muscles, blood vessels, and skin of the affected arm. Upon initial evaluation, each patient undergoes a
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Adult Brachial Plexus Injury
An adult brachial plexus injury is usually the result of trauma to the neck and shoulder areas and is usually much more severe than in children.
The mechanism of injury is similar to that in children, a lateral traction injury to the brachial…
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Ongoing Treatment
After being diagnosed with a brachial plexus injury, patients, whether they have had surgery or not, are carefully followed with serial examinations, enabling us to monitor their progress.
If there is a plateau in progress despite the best efforts of patient, parents, and
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Physical Therapy
Initial Assessment for Physical Therapy
Upon initial evaluation of each patient it is important to begin the process noting previous studies, assessments made by Brachial Plexus physicians and any additional co-morbidities such as Torticollis, Diaphragmatic paralysis, Horner’s Syndrome, or clavicular fractures that may
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Classification
Upon completion of the history and physical evaluation an anatomical understanding of the level of injury is established. In addition, utilizing the physical presentation of each patient will help in localizing the injury pattern.
In patients with completely flaccid or hypotonic
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Treatments
The goal of physical therapy in treating patients with brachial plexus injuries is to maximize functional recovery, increase physical strength, reduce compensatory substitutions, and restore form and developmental growth. The first step in obtaining this goal is to provide support and family
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Brachial Plexus Anatomy
ANATOMYThe term “Brachial plexus” means grouping of nerves to the arm. Brachial meaning of or related to the arm, and plexus meaning a grouping of nerves. The brachial plexus is a complex intertwining of sensory and motor nerve structures from
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Injury and Diagnosis
Axon AntomyInjury to the plexus nerves may occur with varying degrees of severity. The location of the injury is the overriding concern in developing a reconstructive plan. The least severe injury occurs when a nerve is stretched without causing a
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Treatment Options
Initial RepairsInitial treatment options for patients include physical therapy where stretching and other activities begin to stimulate function. Daily passive range of motion exercises are done to all joints of the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. Therapists offer a wide range
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Natural Progression
After being diagnosed with a brachial plexus injury, patients, whether they have had surgery or not, are carefully followed with a series of examinations to monitor their progress. Even with the best efforts of the patient, parents, and therapist, progress may stall
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